Notable Deaths in 2024

A look back at the esteemed personalities who left us this year, who'd touched us with their innovation, creativity and humanity.

By CBSNews.com senior producer David Morgan. The Associated Press contributed to this gallery.

Canadian actor Donald Sutherland (July 17, 1935-June 20, 2024) brought a terrific off-kilter quality to his performances in a six-decade career that stretched from heroes to anti-heroes, from leading man to reliable character actor. He became most identified with his roles in the counter-culture war comedy "MASH," the wrenching family drama "Ordinary People," the farcical "National Lampoon's Animal House," the conspiracy thriller "JFK," and the dystopian "Hunger Games" series – a testament to his incredible range.

In his time Sutherland portrayed a wealth of rebels, ruffians and iconoclasts, whose distaste for playing by the rules was searing, and often very funny. So strong was the stamp of a Sutherland rebel that, when he did play a figure of authority, tradition, or cloak-and-dagger subterfuge, the audience was forgiven for believing that his tongue - when speaking of order and control - was very much in his cheek. 

Born in New Brunswick and raised in Nova Scotia, Sutherland switched his studies from engineering to English and began acting while at university. He later attended the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, and appeared on stage in the West End and on U.K. television. His early film credits included the British "Dr. Terror's House of Horrors."

His first major Hollywood role was in "The Dirty Dozen" (1967), as the psychopathic prisoner-turned-commando Vernon Pinkley. Sutherland's star burned even brighter with his roles in a pair of anti-establishment war films: as nonconformist Army surgeon Hawkeye Pierce in Robert Altman's "MASH," and as a tank commander (nicknamed "Oddball") who helps plot a gold heist in the WWII comedy "Kelly's Heroes."

"There is more challenge in character roles," Sutherland told The Washington Post in 1970. "There's longevity. A good character actor can show a different face in every film and not bore the public."

Sutherland never bored the public. He would amass nearly 200 film and TV credits, including "Klute," "Don't Look Now," "The Day of the Locust," "1900," "Casanova," "The Eagle Has Landed," "The Great Train Robbery," "Invasion of the Body Snatchers," "Ordinary People," "Eye of the Needle," "A Dry White Season," "Backdraft," "Buffy the Vampire Slayer," "Six Degrees of Separation," "A Time to Kill," "Disclosure," "Outbreak," "Space Cowboys," "The Italian Job," "Cold Mountain," "Pride & Prejudice," "Trust," "Ad Astra," and "Lawman: Bass Reeves." He appeared with his son Kiefer Sutherland in the western "Forsaken."  To younger viewers, he was best known as President Coriolanus Snow in "The Hunger Games" films.

Following "MASH," Sutherland joined his "Klute" costar Jane Fonda in the Free Theater Associates, which produced a 1971 tour of "The FTA Show," a sort of anti-U.S.O. revue at a time when anti-war sentiment was rising. They performed for servicemembers off the premises of military bases in the U.S. and overseas.

Though never nominated for an Oscar, Sutherland received an honorary Academy Award in 2017. He won an Emmy, in 1995 for the TV film "Citizen X," and two Golden Globes, for "Citizen X" and the 2003 TV film "Path to War."

In a 2017 interview for "60 Minutes," Sutherland discussed how he would immerse himself into his characters, who might not seem sympathetic from an audience's point of view, "but they're sympathetic to me."

Asked how he finds something in each role, Sutherland replied, "I don't find it. It finds me. I mean, I will read it. And suddenly, it starts churning around inside me. And then, it gets violent. And then, it gets loving. And it's an extraordinary thing. It gets more and more and more exciting. It's delicious."

A memoir, "Made Up, But Still True," is scheduled to be published in November.

Gallery: Donald Sutherland

Willie Mays

The talent, drive and exuberance of Willie Mays (May 6, 1931-June 18, 2024) made him one of baseball's greatest players, and possibly the most beloved by fans.

The son of a Negro League player, Mays himself was a gifted athlete who began his professional career in the Negro Leagues in 1948, before being brought into the majors by the New York Giants. But when he first arrived, Mays was hitless in his first series. In 1979 he told "Sunday Morning" how Giants manager Leo Durocher boosted his confidence: "Leo gave me what you call motivation. The only thing he told me, just a couple lines: 'You'll be my center fielder as long as I'm manager here, and you really don't have to hit. Just go out and play center field.' And I think by saying that, I think I relaxed a little bit, and I just started hitting without any problem." In fact, in his first year with the Giants, Mays hit .274 with 127 hits, including 20 homers, and scored 59 runs, earning him the National League Rookie of the Year Award.

Over 23 seasons, beginning with the Birmingham Black Barons in the Negro Leagues, and then with the Giants, in New York and San Francisco, and then back in New York with the Mets, Mays racked up 3,293 hits, including 660 home runs (only Babe Ruth and Hank Aaron, at that time, had more), 1,909 RBIs, and a .301 batting average, not to mention 339 stolen bases, a Gold Glove, and two MVP Awards.

But from his entire career on the field, his most memorable play was undoubtedly "The Catch," in Game 1 of the 1954 World Series. With the score tied in the top of the eighth and with two men on base, Cleveland's Vic Mertz hit a drive deep to center field. Racing to the wall, Mays made a basket catch over his shoulder, his back to home plate, and quickly turned to fire the ball back to the infield, preventing two or three runs. The Giants won the game, and the championship.

Mays talked with "Sunday Morning" about the importance of being what he called a "complete ball player." "You can't just run and not hit, or hit home runs, or hit for a batting average. I was active on the ball field, and I had to please the stand just as well as [if] I was on stage or something. When I went to the ball park, I tried to do things a little different sometimes and make sure the fans got their money's worth."

Mays' exuberance earned him the nickname "Say Hey Kid," and his attention to young fans earned him lasting affection. In 2011, visiting the site of the Polo Grounds in Manhattan, Mays talked of how youngsters would invite him to play in their stickball games. "I used to have maybe 10 kids come to my window," he said. "Every morning, they'd come at 9 o'clock. They'd knock on my window, get me up. … They'd give me a chance to go shower. They'd give me a chance to eat breakfast. But I had to be out there at 9:30, because that's when they wanted to play. So, I played with them for about maybe an hour."

Mays was voted into the Hall of Fame in 1979 (his first year of eligibility). In 2015 he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. 

William Anders

"It was ironic that we'd done all this work to come and explore the moon, and what we really discovered was the Earth," astronaut William Anders (Oct. 17, 1933-June 7, 2024), a member of the Apollo 8 crew, told "CBS Sunday Morning" in 2018.

Fifty years prior, on Christmas Eve, Anders, James Lovell and Frank Borman became the first humans to orbit the moon. Describing the crater-covered lunar surface proved almost as difficult as getting there. "I said that it looked like dirty beach sand," Anders recalled. "That's how I described it, thus gaining the wrath of poets worldwide!"

But it was a photo that Anders took of the Earth, rising above the moon like a big blue marble, that brought all of humanity – everything that mankind had ever known – together in a brilliant, fragile image. Anders took some of the precious little film they had on board – film that was supposed to be used for capturing the moon – to take the picture of our home world. Anders said, "Even though that wasn't in the flight plan ... hell with that, you know? Here was a beautiful shot."

Known as "Earthrise," it became one of the most reproduced images ever, in part because no other photograph summed up our place in the universe quite like it. It was reproduced on a postage stamp, and became a catalyst for the environmental movement. Life magazine featured it on the cover of its 2003 anthology, "100 Photographs That Changed the World."

Born in Hong Kong (his father was a Navy officer), Anders was graduated from the Naval Academy, but accepted his wings in the Air Force, rising to major. He also earned a master's degree in nuclear engineering, before joining NASA.

Retiring from active duty following the Apollo mission, Anders served on the National Aeronautics and Space Council, the Atomic Energy Commission, and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and as ambassador to Norway. He retired from the Air Force Reserve as a major general in 1988, and co-founded the Heritage Flight Museum in Bellingham, Wash. 

Richard Sherman

"Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" may appear unspeakable, but it's one of the most fondly remembered lyrics from the songwriting team the Sherman Brothers, who created catchy classics for "Mary Poppins," "The Jungle Book" and "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" – songs that were infectious, ubiquitous and unforgettable.  

"They call it an earworm – you know, you can't get it out of your ear. It just crawls in there and stays," Richard Sherman (June 12, 1928-May 25, 2024) told "CBS Sunday Morning" in 2013. He was clear-eyed about their theme park perennial, "It's a Small World (After All)," introduced at the 1964 World's Fair. In a 2011 appearance at the Walt Disney Family Museum in San Francisco, Sherman said of the reaction to that song, "People either want to kiss us or kill us!"

Growing up, older brother Robert Sherman aspired to write novels; Richard, symphonies. One day their songwriting father gave them a challenge: "'I bet you couldn't team up together and write a song that some kid would give up his lunch money to buy a record of it … Yeah, I don't think you have enough brains to do that.' And he turned around and left," Richard recalled.

Within a decade the brothers had had hits recorded by Annette Funicello ("Tall Paul," "Wild Willie"), Johnny Burnette ("You're Sixteen"), and Fabian ("Got the Feeling").

For movies, Richard and Robert becsme one of the most prolific songwriting duos of all time, from comedies ("Summer Magic," "The Happiest Millionaire," "Follow Me, Boys!," "The One and Only, Genuine, Original Family Band," "Bedknobs and Broomsticks"), to animation ("The Sword in the Stone," "Winnie the Pooh," "The Aristocats," "Charlotte's Web," "Snoopy Come Home"), to musicals ("Chitty Chitty Bang Bang," "Tom Sawyer," "The Slipper and the Rose").

But their most famous tunes were from "Mary Poppins," inspired by P.L. Travers' magical nanny. "A Spoonful of Sugar," "Chim Chim Cher-ee," "Jolly Holiday," "Let's Go Fly a Kite," and the irrepressibly bouncy "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious."

Oh, supercalifragilisticexpialidocious
Even though the sound of it is something quite atrocious
If you say it loud enough you'll always sound precocious
Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious

Their music for "Mary Poppins" earned the Sherman Brothers two Academy Awards.

In a 1969 interview with the Los Angeles Times, Robert Sherman (who died in 2012) explained the songwriting approach taken by himself and Richard: "We don't like the dark side of things, and we only want to entertain people. We like singable songs as opposed to, say, performers' songs. We don't write for someone, we write for everyone."

Caleb Carr

"I wouldn't describe myself as a miserable person, but there are those who would say that my outlook on humanity is pretty miserable," writer Caleb Carr (August 2, 1955-May 23, 2024) told "CBS Sunday Morning" in 2005. He came to wide attention with his bestselling 1994 novel "The Alienist," about the hunt for a serial killer in 19th century New York City, in a neighborhood that, he wrote, "knew little of laws, man-made or otherwise."

He followed "The Alienist" with a sequel, "The Angel of Darkness," and with a Sherlock Holmes mystery, "The Italian Secretary." "It was just supposed to be a little cottage industry that would give me a stipend to live off of while I was doing the work that I had always done and was trained to do," he explained.

Carr's true calling was military history, as an editor of the Quarterly Journal of Military History, and as a college professor at Bard College outside New York City.

He grew up on New York's Lower East Side, a then-crime-filled neighborhood where violence was a part of everyday life, including at home. "My father was a violent person by nature," Carr said. "He was a tempestuous person, and my father told me repeatedly nobody likes a smart-ass." And what effect did that have? "Made me that much more of a smart-ass every time he said it. It's what happens with children if it's accompanied by a swift smack to the back of your head."

His father, Lucien, a news editor and member of the Beat poets' coterie, killed a man when he was 19, and served two years in prison before being pardoned. Carr said his father never spoke about it, which gave him more of a desire to figure out where personal violence comes from.

In the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, Carr published "The Lessons of Terror." He traced 2,000 years of war, arguing that strategies that target civilians have always ultimately failed. "We must develop a way for American military power to be projected in a more enlightened fashion," he said. "We have to, or the entire world – even more of the world that hates us now – will hate us later."

He also co-wrote "America Invulnerable: The Quest for Absolute Security from 1812 to Star Wars" (1989), and "Killing Time" (2000), a dystopian murder mystery set in the Information Age.

And beyond military history and period thrillers, Carr also worked on the libretto of an opera, "Merlin," about the magician in King Arthur's court. "Traditional styles are very comforting to me," he said. "The modern world is a very uncomfortable place for me. … It's hard to look at the modern world as a student of the things that I study and see it as anything but pretty horrendous. It's not a comfortable place in terms of where our values are going. We are heading into a very dark age."

His final published work was the 2024 memoir of his devoted cat, Masha: "My Beloved Monster: Masha, the Half-Wild Rescue Cat Who Rescued Me."

But despite his intimations of misery, he praised his students, who are studying the past in hopes of changing the future. "They're all interested in it. The good ones, the smart ones are all interested in it. It's actually a very reassuring thing that they are, because ... it's not at all gloom and doom, no. There are things to be encouraged by."

Dabney Coleman

Actor Dabney Coleman (January 3, 1932-May 16, 2024) cornered the market in playing likably unlikable characters, from comedies ("Buffalo Bill") to dramas ("Boardwalk Empire"). His most memorable roles were as the chauvinistic boss in "9 to 5," and the obnoxious soap opera director in "Tootsie."

He was a dependable presence in nearly 200 films and TV shows, beginning in the early 1960s with appearances in "Ben Casey," "Dr. Kildare," "The Outer Limits," "The Fugitive," "That Girl," "Bonanza," and "The Mary Tyler Moore Show," and in movies like "Downhill Racer," "The Towering Inferno," and "North Dallas Forty." Then he was cast as Merle Jeeter, the corrupt mayor of Fernwood, in Norman Lear's satirical soap opera "Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman."

"He was just the worst human being, Merle Jeeter!" Coleman told The AV Club in 2012. "That's kind of where it all started, as far as people's belief that I could do comedy, particularly that negative, caustic, cynical kind of guy. I was pretty good at doing that kind of humor. So that was a huge turning point, and it was a lot of fun."

He carried the character over into the spinoff series, "Fernwood Tonight."

Then came the revenge comedy "9 to 5," in which he played Franklin Hart, the sexist, conspiratorial boss who gets his comeuppance from female staffers played by Jane Fonda, Lily Tomlin and Dolly Parton. "All three of those girls were [great] to me," he told AV Club, "because they were several steps up the ladder from where I was in my career. … Almost icons in their fields, if you want to break it down like that. And here's this guy coming off of 'Mary Hartman,' which is not too shabby. But it was late-night TV. Anyway, what I'm alluding to is that all three of them went out of their way to make me feel equal. There's no other way to put it. Status-wise and talent-wise, they all made me feel extremely secure and were very supportive."

The film was a box office hit and put him on the map, in such high-profile films as "On Golden Pond," "Tootsie," "WarGames," "Cloak and Dagger," and "Dragnet." He also starred in the short-lived sitcom "Buffalo Bill," playing an egotistical talk show host. He followed that series with "The Slap Maxwell Story," playing a (what else?) egotistical sportswriter. It lasted only one season, but earned Coleman a Golden Globe. Coleman also received six Emmy nominations, winning one award for the TV drama "Sworn to Silence."

Later credits included "Columbo," "Madman of the People," "Clifford," "Stuart Little," "The Guardian," "Courting Alex," "Where the Red Fern Grows," "Heartland," "Boardwalk Empire," "Ray Donovan," "NCIS," and "Yellowstone."

In 1994 Coleman talked with The New York Times about the seemingly disagreeable traits that the "Dabney Coleman character," on shows like "Madman of the People," would exhibit, and how he'd wring comedy from them: "Writers write wrong for me sometimes," he said. "They're trying to be funny, usually. Trying to make a joke. And that's not what I do, you know. It's not jokes; it's not words. It's acting. It's acting funny."

Alice Munro

Nobel laureate Alice Munro (July 10, 1931-May 13, 2024) was one of the world's most highly-esteemed short story writers. She was the first lifelong Canadian to win the Nobel Prize, in 2013, and the first recipient cited exclusively for short fiction. The Swedish academy pronounced her a "master of the contemporary short story" who could "accommodate the entire epic complexity of the novel in just a few short pages."

While majoring in journalism at the University of Western Ontario, she sold a story about a lonely teacher, "The Dimensions of a Shadow," to CBC Radio, and published work in her school's literary journal. Her debut collection, "Dance of the Happy Shades," was released in 1968; it won the Governor's General Award and made Munro a national celebrity.

Over the next 40 years, her reputation and readership only grew, with many of her stories first appearing in The New Yorker. Her prose style was straightforward, her tone matter-of-fact, but her plots revealed unending disruption and disappointments: broken marriages, violent deaths, madness and dreams unfulfilled, or never even attempted. Among her most acclaimed works were "The Beggar Maid," "The Children Stay," "Dance of the Happy Shades," "Family Furnishings," "Lives of Girls and Women," "The Love of a Good Woman," "Miles City, Montana," "The Moons of Jupiter," and "Runaway."

Her story "The Bear Came Over the Mountain," in which a married woman with memory loss has an affair with a fellow nursing home patient, was adapted by Sarah Polley for the 2006 feature film "Away from Her," which starred Oscar-nominee Julie Christie. In 2014, Kristen Wiig starred in "Hateship, Loveship," an adaptation of Munro's "Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage."

Her 2009 collection "My Best Stories," with an introduction by Margaret Atwood, contained 17 stories chosen by Munro. Her last book was the 2012 collection "Dear Life."

Munro's honors included Britain's Man Booker International Prize and the National Book Critics Circle award in the U.S. In Canada, she was a three-time winner of the Governor's General Award and a two-time winner of the Giller Prize.

Munro would acknowledge that she didn't think like a novelist. "I have all these disconnected realities in my own life, and I see them in other people's lives," she told the AP. "That was one of the problems, why I couldn't write novels. I never saw things hanging together too well."

Roger Corman

Roger Corman (April 5, 1926-May 9, 2024) directed or produced hundreds of movies on threadbare budgets – exploitation films, horror/sci-fi flicks, and other fare for which he was dubbed "King of the B Movies." He also made Edgar Allen Poe a familiar marquee name at drive-ins. 

Corman's independent streak was fundamental. "I do have a hard time with authority," he admitted to "Sunday Morning" in 2010. "I was in the Navy for two years. They were the worst two years of my life. Any rule they set out, I felt it is my duty to break that rule."

Corman described his production methods: "I really worked rather efficiently. I planned very heavily in advance." Efficiently is an understatement. He shot "Machine Gun Kelly," a gangster film with Charles Bronson, in just 10 days. "Little Shop of Horrors" (in which a houseplant expresses a taste for blood) was shot in two days and a night. "There was a set standing at an independent studio in Hollywood where I had my offices," Corman recalled. "And it was a very good set ... and why let a set go to waste? So, I had about $30,000, and I designed a picture that could be made for the $30,000 that I had available."

He directed more than 50 movies,  from "It Conquered the World," "Not of This Earth," "A Bucket of Blood," and "The Little Shop of Horrors," to "The Pit and the Pendulum," "The Raven," "The Young Racers," "The Masque of the Red Death," "The Wild Angels," "The Trip," "Von Richthofen and Brown," and "Frankenstein Unbound." He did film "The St. Valentine's Day Massacre" for 20th Century Fox, taking advantage of standing sets on the studio's backlot. The resulting film received positive reviews, but the experience put Corman off working for Hollywood studios again.

Corman's productions nurtured a generation or two of Hollywood talent, including Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese, Peter Bogdanovich, Jonathan Demme, James Cameron, Gale Ann Hurd, Ron Howard and Joe Dante.

His films provided work for up-and-coming actors like Jack Nicholson ("Little Shop of Horrors"), Peter Fonda and Bruce Dern ("The Wild Angels"), Robert De Niro ("Bloody Mama"), Sylvester Stallone ("Death Race 2000"), and Sandra Bullock ("Fire on the Amazon"). Corman said of Bullock, "I remember thinking, 'This is the best actress I've worked with in years.' I called her agent immediately and said, 'I got another picture for Sandra.' He said, 'Roger, you're too late. She's already with the majors!'"

In addition to producing, he also helped distribute foreign language films in the U.S., including works by directors Ingmar Bergman ("Cries and Whispers"), Federico Fellini ("Amarcord"), Akira Kurosawa ("Dersu Uzala"), François Truffaut ("The Story of Adele H."), and Volker Schlöndorff ("The Tin Drum").

In 2009 the motion picture academy recognized Corman for his oeuvre with a lifetime achievement Oscar. Accepting the award, Corman said, "I think that to succeed in this world you have to take chances. Many of my friends and compatriots and people who've started with me are here tonight, and they've all succeeded. Some of them succeeded to an extraordinary degree. And I believe they've succeeded because they had the courage to take chances, to gamble. But they gambled because they knew the odds were with them; they knew they had the ability to create what they wanted to make. 

"It's very easy for a major studio or somebody else to repeat their successes, to spend vast amounts of money on remakes, on special effects-driven tentpole franchise films. But I believe the finest films being done today are done by the original, innovative filmmakers who have the courage to take a chance and to gamble. So, I say to you: Keep gambling, keep taking chances."

Bernard Hill

British actor Bernard Hill (December 17, 1944-May 5, 2024) was best known for his memorable roles in James Cameron's "Titanic" (in which he played the captain of the doomed ocean liner), and in Peter Jackson's adaptation of "The Lord of the Rings" (playing King Théoden).

Hill first gained renown on the BBC's 1982 drama series "Boys from the Blackstuff," about unemployed Liverpudlians, for which he earned a best actor BAFTA nomination.

He portrayed Captain Edward Smith in the epic "Titanic." In the J.R.R. Tolkien fantasies "The Two Towers" and "The Return of the King," Hill played Théoden, King of Rohan, who rallies his riders against the forces of darkness.

Hill's deliveries of the king's speeches, such as his lament in "The Two Towers" while an army of orcs descends upon Helm's Deep, are among the most stirring in recent films:

"Where is the horse and the rider? Where is the horn that was blowing? They have passed like rain on the mountain, like wind in the meadow. The days have gone down in the West behind the hills into shadow. How did it come to this?"

Hill's other credits include "Gandhi," "The Bounty," "Drowning by Numbers," "Mountains of the Moon," "The Ghost and the Darkness," "True Crime," and the period drama "Wolf Hall." 

Frank Stella

In his early 20s, just out of Princeton, Frank Stella (May 12, 1936-May 4, 2024) was a star. In an era of abstract expressionism, Stella painted minimalist, monochromatic paintings. In 1959, New York's Museum of Modern Art put some of his "Black Paintings" in a show, and then bought one. The New Yorker would later write that Stella's impact on abstract art was akin to Bob Dylan's on music.

In 2021, "Sunday Morning" asked Stella about his fascination with abstraction versus figurative art. "'Cause I didn't like people that much," he laughed. "Yeah, yeah, I mean, everybody was doing that. Or, I didn't want to spend a lot of time drawing from the model. You know when you see that poor girl sitting up there on that chair after she has to take off her bathrobe and everything, it's pretty pitiful!"

But making art is no simple thing, and Stella struggled despite the seeming simplicity of his work. In 1983 he told "Sunday Morning," "[People] love art, but they love great art more than anything. And you know, I don't blame them; so do I. I mean, I love great art more than anything, too. But greatness doesn't stare you in the face every day. I mean, it's hard to come by. And the audience has a high level of expectation and, if they get something that they like and then they're told it's not great, they feel that they've done something wrong. I mean, they feel they should only focus on the 'great' things. And the artists feel that they should only make 'great' paintings, you know? I mean, you don't like to say, 'Gee, I just had a pretty good day.' You know, you're supposed to have an inspired day."

As Stella pushed the boundaries of abstraction with his paintings and prints, along the way he developed a few artistic obsessions. The painted surfaces of canvases and paper became the painted surfaces of assemblages and sculptures made out of slick fiberglass or aluminum tubing, including some in the shape of a star. (Frank's surname in Italian does mean star.) Carbon fiber materials and 3-D printing allowed Stella to explore ever-more challenging shapes, creating stars that stood 21 feet high.

Stella said he wasn't one to consider his legacy. "I went from being a young artist to a middle-aged artist to a mature artist, and now I'm an 'is-he-still-alive?' artist," the octogenarian told "Sunday Morning" in 2021. "It would be probably a lot more satisfying to people if I'd started out like this, and then ended up with the black paintings. If you played my career back the other way, people would say, 'Oh, look, how fantastic! He ended up with those beautiful paintings at the end!'"

Duane Eddy

Rock & Roll Hall of Famer Duane Eddy (April 26, 1938-April 30, 2024) was a pioneering guitar hero whose twangy playing on early rock classics like "Rebel Rouser," "Forty Miles of Bad Road," and "Peter Gunn" influenced such artists as George Harrison and Bruce Springsteen.

His first album, 1958's "Have 'Twangy' Guitar Will Travel," featured such hits as "Moovin' n' Groovin'," "Ramrod" and "Cannonball." He released 21 more studio albums over the next nine years, selling more than 100 million records worldwide.

His playing was based on the premise that a guitar's bass strings sounded better on tape than the high ones. "I had a distinctive sound that people could recognize and I stuck pretty much with that," he told The Associated Press in 1986. "I'm not one of the best technical players by any means … A lot of guys are more skillful than I am with the guitar. A lot of it is over my head. But some of it is not what I want to hear out of the guitar."

He played on Paul McCartney's "Rockestra Theme," and Harrison played on Eddy's self-titled comeback album, both in 1987.

Eddy also toured with Dick Clark's "Caravan of Stars" and appeared in a few films, including "Because They're Young," and "Thunder of Drums."

The Eddy sound became defined by the term "Twang," which was used as the title of a 1993 box set, "Twang Thang: The Duane Eddy Anthology."

"It's a silly name for a nonsilly thing," Eddy told the AP in 1993. "But it has haunted me for 35 years now, so it's almost like sentimental value - if nothing else."

Mike Pinder

A founding member of the British band The Moody Blues, Mike Pinder (December 27, 1941-April 24, 2024) helped shift the band away from its early efforts covering American blues music (for which they earned little success), to its blend of English folk and progressive rock. Pinder played keyboards, and helped promote the Mellotron (an electronic instrument with two keyboards that incorporated tape loops) to become a familiar sound in rock music.

Having worked at the Mellotron factory, Pinder was familiar with the instrument's quirks, and mastered it in the band's second album, "Days of Future Passed" (1967). It was featured prominently in such tracks as "Nights in White Satin" (the Moody Blues' biggest hit) and "Tuesday Afternoon." [Pinder also introduced The Beatles to the Mellotron, which they used on "Strawberry Fields Forever."]

In a 2018 interview with Rolling Stone, Pinder explained his fascination with the Mellotron: "I grew up listening to the music of Mantovani and the layers of rich and melodious string arrangements that were his trademark. The Mellotron enabled me to create my own variations of string movements. I could play any instrument that I wanted to hear in the music. If I heard strings, I could play them with the Mellotron. If I heard cello, brass, trumpets or piano, I could play them."

With "Days of Future Passed" (which was originally envisioned by Decca as a demonstration album of its recording technology for both classical and rock fans), the Moody Blues connected their progressive rock tracks with orchestral arrangements by Peter Knight, into a concept album of a day's passing. It would become one of the defining rock albums of the '60s.

In addition to playing keyboards and composing (his songwriting credits included "Everyday," "Dawn Is a Feeling," "Om," "The Best Way to Travel," "Have You Heard," "Lost in a Lost World," and "So Deep Within You"), Pinder also recited the spoken-word passages of Moody Blues songs, such as "Late Lament."

Pinder played with the band on nine albums (including "In Search of the Lost Chord," "On the Threshold of a Dream," "To the Children's Children's Children," "A Question of Balance," "Every Good Boy Deserves Favour," "Seventh Sojourn," and "Octave") until 1978, after which he worked as a music consultant for Atari. He also released solo albums, "The Promise" (1976) and "Among the Stars" (1994). 

Dickey Betts

Singer-songwriter and guitarist Dickey Betts (December 12, 1943–April 18, 2024) was a co-founder of the Allman Brothers Band, which blended blues, country, R&B and jazz with '60s rock to create a new genre, Southern rock.

A descendant of Canadian fiddlers, Betts was born and raised in Florida, and played the ukulele and banjo before focusing on electric guitar, because it impressed girls. After he and Berry Oakley played together in the band Second Coming, the two joined forces with Gregg and Duane Allman, Butch Trucks and Jai Johanny "Jaimoe" Johanson to form the Allman Brothers Band in 1969. They were pioneers for ignoring the traditional formula of pop songs (individual tracks might take up the entire side of an LP), and for being a biracial group from the Deep South. Betts shared lead guitar duties with Duane Allman.

They released two albums before their 1971 classic, "At Fillmore East," now considered among the greatest live albums of that era. Betts contributed his instrumental, "In Memory of Elizabeth Reed," which became a concert favorite.

Duane Allman died four days after "Fillmore" was certified gold, and Oakley died in a motorcycle accident about a year later, but the band carried on. Their 1973 album "Brothers and Sisters" rose to No. 1 on the charts and featured Betts' song "Ramblin' Man," the group's biggest hit. Betts was also credited as writer or co-writer of "Jessica" (inspired by the music of Django Reinhardt), "Blue Sky," "Straight From the Heart," "Crazy Love," and "Good Clean Fun." (Betts and the Allman Brothers' travels with teenage music journalist Cameron Crowe were an inspiration for Crowe's 2000 film, "Almost Famous.")

The Allman Brothers Band would break up and re-form a few times, during which Betts also released solo records or performed with other lineups (such as Dickey Betts & Great Southern, and Betts, Hall, Leavell and Trucks).

The Allman Brothers Band was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 1995. But five years later, Betts left the band for good in a bitter split.

In 2020, looking back on his time with the Allman Brothers, Betts told the Sarasota Herald-Tribune, "Gregg tended to write in a melancholy kind of way so I purposely tried to write more an … uplifting way to try and kind of give some depth to the difference between my writing and his writing. Gregg was great but you don't want to hear a whole album of melancholy, at least that was the way I felt about it. We were a good team. We never really wrote anything together, but we wrote well, his songs and my songs went together really well."

Mandisa

Christian singer Mandisa (October 2, 1976-April 18, 2024) appeared on "American Idol" in 2006, and won a Grammy for best contemporary Christian music album for her 2013 release, "Overcomer."

Mandisa (whose full name was Mandisa Lynn Hundley) released her debut album in 2007. Titled "True Beauty," it earned a Grammy nomination for best pop and contemporary gospel album. She released five more albums, her last being 2017's "Out of the Dark," which topped the Billboard Christian chart.

In 2022 she wrote a memoir, "Out of the Dark: My Journey Through the Shadows to Find God's Joy," in which she discussed her struggles with severe depression, challenges with her weight, and her faith. In it she wrote: "During my life I've been drawn into friendships with all types of people—some very different from me. My tribe has included men, women, single people, married people with kids, millennials, more 'seasoned' folks, and every age in between. God has blessed me with a diverse group of people in my life—mentors from my church, singers I've been on tour with, people I went to school with, fellow artists and influencers, stay-at-home moms—and they've come with a variety of skin tones. You learn so much and become a richer person by surrounding yourself with people who are different from you. As I've walked through hard things in my life, I've sometimes been surprised by the people God has used to comfort and help me. At times I get to be there for them too. That's what it's all about."

Faith Ringgold

The work of pioneering American artist and activist Faith Ringgold (October 8, 1930-April 12, 2024) spanned more than seven decades, during which she commented on social upheavals in America, and advocated for women and African Americans to be better represented in the arts.

Born in Harlem in 1930, a debilitating asthma condition meant she was educated mostly at home, which, she told "Sunday Morning" in 2021, gave her the freedom to be herself. She was also inspired by the Harlem Renaissance movement – a blossoming of African American art and literature. "I think there was a lot of feeling at that time that, 'We can't do this, we can't do that.' Oh, yes, we can! We can do it. All you gotta do is try."

Ringgold said, "I have kind of forgotten the sharp feeling I used to get of being rejected, and maybe it has to do with being left out so many times: 'All right, go ahead, leave me out if you want. I'll come in another door!'"

In the 1960s, Ringgold created the "American People Series," political paintings in which she explored race relations in America. In 1971, she founded the "Where We At" artists collective for Black women. She also created a number of works for public spaces, including a mosaic mural in a Harlem subway station honoring prominent figures like Sugar Ray Robinson and Malcolm X.

She was best known for her story quilts – a patchwork of images with a story written right onto the fabric. One, "Tar Beach" (1988), was adapted into an award-winning children's book. 

She acknowledged feeling more freedom with age: "As you get older, you become more free," Ringgold said. "If you will take advantage of the freedom that you have attained, anyone can fly. All you gotta do is try."

Trina Robbins

Trina Robbins (August 17, 1938-April 10, 2024) was a pioneer in the male-dominated world of comic books, who helped create the first American comic book created entirely by women. "It Ain't Me, Babe," published in 1970.

A cartoonist, writer and editor in the underground comics movement, Robbins' artistic journey first took her to fashion design, with a New York boutique called Broccoli. She created clothes for '60s rock musicians, including Cass Elliott and David Crosby, and was immortalized in the Joni Mitchell song, "Ladies of the Canyon." When she moved to San Francisco in 1969, she became more closely tied to the city's activists and cartoonists. She and Barbara Mendes co-produced "It Aint Me, Babe," which led to a long-running series of "Wimmen's Comix."

With one foot in the underground comics world, Robbins also worked in mainstream comics, becoming the first female artist to draw an entire Wonder Woman comic book, in 1986. She also created a Marvel Comics character, Misty.

She edited anthology collections and wrote several books, including histories of overlooked female comic artists and writers. Her titles included "A Century of Women Cartoonists," "The Great Women Superheroes," "From Girls to Grrrlz: a History of ♀ Comics from Teens to Zines," "Pretty in Ink: North American Women Cartoonists, 1896-2013," and "Flapper Queens: Women Cartoonists of the Jazz Age." Her 2017 memoir was titled "Last Girl Standing."

In 2015 Robbins told The Washington Post, "My big epiphany when researching my books was: If you're not written about, you're forgotten. And of course, all those comics histories by men — they just want to write about Jack Kirby, so until I started writing my histories nobody knew about these wonderful women and they were forgotten. But no more! …

"What has evened the playing field is the advent of graphic novels. Now, if women want to draw comics, they don't have to draw overly muscular guys with thick necks and big chins beating each other up. Real book publishers know that girls and women create and read graphic novels. And there are some damn good ones by guys, too! Boys don't have to be afraid that we will take away their superheroes — as long as there are 12-year-old boys, there will be superheroes — but we have added girls to the mix." 

Christopher Durang

Tony Award-winning playwright Christopher Durang (January 2, 1949-April 2, 2024) was a master of satire and absurd black comedy. Among his most noted works were "Sister Mary Ignatius Explains It All for You," ″Betty's Summer Vacation," ″The Marriage of Bette and Boo," and "Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike."

"I am one of those people who laughed at not-funny things," Durang said during a Dramatists Guild conference in 2013. "If you watch the adults around you make the same mistake 20 times in a row, at a certain point you want to jump out the window, or you laugh. I was one of the ones who laughed."

While attending the Yale School of Drama, he met Sigourney Weaver, with whom he wrote and co-starred in "Das Lusitania Songspiel," a parody of a Kurt Weill-Bertolt Brecht cabaret. A reworked version played off-Broadway in 1976 and was, in the words of Durang, "very silly."

Durang and Weaver's collaboration would continue over the years; in addition to his one-act play titled "Titanic," the actress starred in productions of "Beyond Therapy," and "Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike." But they joked about their friendship in their Playbill biographies for "Das Lusitania Songspiel." "We pretended we had performed on Broadway many times, and we use Alfred Lunt and Lynne Fontanne's credits as our own," Durang admitted to Playbill Magazine in 2012. "At the end, it said, 'In private life, Mr. Durang and Ms. Weaver are married and live in Connecticut with their daughters, Goneril and Regan.' We thought people would get it's a joke — but no."

While at Yale Durang also co-wrote a musical comedy, "The Idiots Karamazov," starring Meryl Streep.

He won an Obie Award for "Sister Mary Ignatius Explains It All for You," in which a nun lectures about Catholicism, with gunplay. He was nominated for a Tony for best book of a musical in 1978 for "A History of the American Film," and in 2006 was a Pulitzer Prize finalist for "Miss Witherspoon," about a woman who wishes to die but is continually reincarnated.

Other plays included "Beyond Therapy" (featuring two needy psychiatrists trying to counsel needy patients), "The Actor's Nightmare," ″Mrs. Bob Cratchit's Wild Christmas Binge," ″The Marriage of Bette and Boo," ″Baby with the Bathwater," "For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls," "Why Torture is Wrong, and the People Who Love Them," and "Betty's Summer Vacation."

Durang was co-chair, with Marsha Norman, of the Juilliard School's playwrights program, from its inception in 1994 until he retired in 2016. He also taught at Yale and Princeton. 

In a 2012 profile for Interview Magazine, Durang said of his work, "[M]y early plays—in my 20s—often have very dark endings. Sister Mary Ignatius basically killed two people, one in self-defense and one not, and then it just ends with her keeping a gun on another person while the little boy's on her lap, reciting questions. That's a dark ending. But starting with 'Miss Witherspoon' (2005), and arguably with 'Betty's Summer Vacation' (1999), which is a rather dark play, I seem to have more hopeful things at the end. I seem not to want to send the audience home unhappy."

Joe Flaherty

Comedian Joe Flaherty (June 21, 1941-April 1, 2024) spent seven years with The Second City in Chicago before moving north to help establish the improv group's Toronto outpost. After NBC hit pay dirt with "Saturday Night Live" (which hired several Second City alumni), Flaherty helped form Second City's own sketch series, "SCTV," about a fictional TV station with ridiculous shows and commercials, and even more ridiculous backstage drama.

Among Flaherty's characters were station owner Guy Caballero, smarmy talk show host Sammy Maudlin, and Count Floyd, who introduced horror films of dubious merit (such as "Dr. Tongue's Evil House of Pancakes"). Flaherty won two Emmys for his writing on "SCTV," which costarred John Candy, Catherine O'Hara, Eugene Levy, Harold Ramis, Martin Short, Dave Thomas and Andrea Martin.

Flaherty's other credits included the sketch film "Tunnelvision," Steven Spielberg's "1941," "Used Cars," "Stripes," "Follow That Bird," "Club Paradise," "Innerspace," "Who's Harry Crumb?," "Back to the Future Part II," "Maniac Mansion," "Dream On," "Happy Gilmore," "Police Academy: The Series," "Freaks and Geeks," "Slackers," "The King of Queens," and "Family Guy." His last role was in the 2014 short "Nightlife," reprising his Count Floyd. 

For several years he taught comedy at Humber College in Toronto.

In a 2012 interview with Avenue Edmonton, Flaherty admitted that, in all his years playing the character of Count Floyd, only one person ever asked why the supposed vampire howled like a werewolf. "The howl just worked," he shrugged.

Louis Gossett Jr

A working actor since the early 1950s, Louis Gossett Jr. (May 27, 1936-March 29, 2024) won an Emmy Award for his performance as Fiddler in the TV miniseries "Roots," and became the first African American to win a best supporting actor Oscar, for "An Officer and a Gentleman."

Gossett grew up in Coney Island, New York, and had dreams of being a doctor or athlete. But while he was sidelined with a sports injury, he took to the stage in his Brooklyn high school's production of "You Can't Take It with You." An English teacher saw something in the class president: "He used to say, 'Louis, I see they're looking for a young man to play a lead in a Broadway show,'" he recalled for "Sunday Morning" in 2020. "I know you never saw a play. But tell your mother to take you down there Sunday. What can you lose?'"

At 17 he got the part, on Broadway, in "Take a Giant Step." He studied at an offshoot of the Actors Studio, and by 23 he was already working with legends like Sidney Poitier and Ruby Dee in the original production of Lorraine Hansberry's "A Raisin in the Sun."

He repeated his role in the film version, and set his sights on Hollywood.

His 1960s and '70s credits included the TV series "East Side/West Side," "The Invaders," "Daktari," "The Bill Cosby Show," "The Young Rebels," "The Partridge Family," "Bonanza," "The Rookies," "Mod Squad," "Alias Smith and Jones," "The Jeffersons," "The Six Million Dollar Man," "Little House on the Prairie," and "Good Times," and the films "The Landlord," "Skin Game," "Travels With My Aunt," "The White Dawn," "The Laughing Policeman," "Sidekicks," and "The River Niger."

Then came the pivotal role of Fiddler in "Roots," at the time the most-watched TV miniseries in history. Gossett won an Emmy for his performance as a slave who teaches English to Kunta Kinte (LeVar Burton). Of his character Gossett said, "We look for those magic moments as actors and actresses, when there's lightning in the bottle."

"Roots" was big, and propelled Gossett to roles in "The Deep," "The Choirboys," and the TV movie "Don't Look Back," as baseball great "Satchel" Paige. With his riveting portrayal of Gunnery Sgt. Emil Foley, drill instructor for Richard Gere, in "An Officer and a Gentleman." Gossett earned rave reviews, and won the Academy Award - the first Black actor to win for a supporting role.

He admitted he did not believe it when his name was called: "My agent hit me in the chest and said, 'They mentioned your name!' And I had to look at him 'cause I thought I was asleep. And I looked around and there was applause. Not supposed to be possible. So, that's a piece of history."

There was more success: the TV mini-series "Sadat," "Backstairs at the White House," "Return to Lonesome Dove," and "Watchmen," and the films "Enemy Mine" and "Iron Eagle." He won a Daytime Emmy for the children's special, "In His Father's Shoes." Later roles included "Touched By an Angel," "Boardwalk Empire," "Madam Secretary," "The Cuban," and the recent musical remake of "The Color Purple." 

Richard Serra

American artist and sculptor Richard Serra (November 2, 1938-March 26, 2024) was known for fashioning massive, curved walls of steel into large-scale artworks. Considered one of his generation's most preeminent sculptors, Serra became world-renowned for his metal structures, including monumental arcs, spirals and ellipses. 

A native of San Francisco, Serra originally studied painting at Yale University but turned to sculpting in the 1960s. His choice of materials may have been inevitable; his father worked in a shipyard, and Serra put himself through college as a steelworker. This lifelong familiarity with weight and mass is probably the reason he was unfazed by what it takes to make, move and install works that weigh tons.

His sculptures have always been about changing perceptions of time and space – of weight and weightlessness. "The content of the pieces is really determined by the viewer," Serra told "Sunday Morning" in 1998. "The subject of these pieces is the viewer. You're the subject of these pieces."

Serra's sculptures have been installed around the world, from the galleries of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, to the deserts of Qatar.

His public art was sometimes met with skepticism. In the 1980s his "Tilted Arc," commissioned for Federal Plaza in New York City, was torn down after Serra's sculpture got caught up in the politics of taste, with opponents calling his 120-foot long curved steel wall an "atrocity," and "a big rusty wall just standing there."

Still, Serra persisted. In a 2008 interview with The Guardian, the artist, then 69, said, "I have a certain obstinacy, a certain willfulness that has got me in trouble, but it has also got me through."

M. Emmet Walsh

Character actor M. Emmet Walsh (March 22, 1935-March 19, 2024) was a welcome addition to more than 100 films during his career, with performances that were rollicking, humorous, unsettling, and wryly dangerous, with a glint in his eye that went far deeper than the script. He was most recognizable from two standout roles: As a crooked Texas private detective in "Blood Simple," the first feature film by the Coen Brothers; and as Harrison Ford's threatening police captain in the dystopian sci-fi thriller "Blade Runner."

Born Michael Emmet Walsh, he was raised in Vermont, and studied at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City. He appeared on stage for a decade before taking small roles in films, including "Alice's Restaurant," "Little Big Man," "Cold Turkey," "They Might Be Giants," "Serpico," "Slap Shot," "Straight Time" (as Dustin Hoffman's parole officer), "The Jerk," "Ordinary People," "Reds," and "Silkwood."

Walsh played Captain Harry Bryant in Ridley Scott's "Blade Runner," who coerces Harrison Ford's Deckard out of retirement to hunt down humanoid replicants. The film is an acknowledged classic, but Walsh told The Hollywood Reporter in 2017 that when the picture was first screened for the cast and crew, "We all sat there and it ended. And nothing. We didn't know what to say or to think or do! We didn't know what in the hell we had done! The only one who seemed to get it was Ridley."

"Blood Simple" writer-directors Joel and Ethan Coen had seen "Straight Time," and wrote the role of Loren Visser for Walsh, who was shooting in Texas at the time. "My agent called with a script written by some kids for a low-budget movie," Walsh told The Guardian in 2017. "It was a Sydney Greenstreet kind of role, with a Panama suit and the hat. I thought it was kinda fun and interesting. They were 100 miles away in Austin, so I went down there early one day before shooting. ...

"Every time, you try and figure something individual that works for the character. If you're playing a villain, you don't play villain. My character in 'Blood Simple,' Visser, doesn't think of himself as particularly bad or evil. He's on the edge of what's legal, but he's having a lot of fun with all that. He's a simple fella trying to make an extra buck and going a little further than he'd normally go in his business enterprises."

Walsh said, once the film opened, "I was, like: Wow! Suddenly my price went up five times. I was the guy everybody wanted."

Among the films and TV shows for which he was wanted were "The Pope of Greenwich Village," "Fletch," "Critters," "Raising Arizona," "The Milagro Beanfield War," "Clean and Sober," "Catch Me If You Can," "Narrow Margin," "The Music of Chance," "My Best Friend's Wedding," "Twilight," "Calvary," "Knives Out," "The Righteous Gemstones," and "Outlaw Posse."

In 2017, when asked about the sequel to "Blade Runner" soon to be released, "Blade Runner 2049," Walsh quipped, "It's sad to know they can make a film without me."

Captain David E. Harris

Captain David E. Harris (December 22, 1934-March 8, 2024) became the first Black commercial airline pilot when he was hired by American Airlines in 1964.

A graduate of Ohio State University. Harris entered the Air Force ROTC program after he was initially rejected twice due to his race. He joined the Air Force and flew B-47 mid-range and B-52 long-range bomber jets for the Strategic Air Command. After leaving the military in 1964 with the rank of captain, Harris was hired by American.

"My timing was kind of lucky," Harris told The Tulsa World in 2008. "You had a slug of Tuskegee Airmen out of World War II who came before me, but this nation wasn't ready to have African-American pilots.

"By the time I came along in 1964 and was hired by American, I was in the right place at the right time with the right stuff."

During his 30 years with American he piloted the DC-6 and 7, the Lockheed Electra, the BAC 111, the Boeing 747, 727 and 767, the McDonnell Douglas MD-11, and the Airbus 300. He was a founding member of the Organization of Black Airline Pilots (now the Organization of Black Aerospace Professionals), for which he served as president.

By the time he retired in 1994, he noted, there were 80 Black pilots at American. "There had been noticeable changes," he said.

In a statement, American Airlines CEO Robert Isom said, "Capt. Harris opened the doors and inspired countless Black pilots to pursue their dreams to fly."

In retirement, Harris flew a single-engine Trinidad TB 20.

"How great it is to be paid well to be doing what you'd just as soon do in your free time," Harris told the Tulsa World. 

Richard Lewis

Comedian, actor and writer Richard Lewis (June 29, 1947-February 27, 2024) was nicknamed "The Prince of Pain," owing to his neurosis-driven, stream-of-consciousness soliloquies. "I'm paranoid about everything in my life," he once joked. "Even at home, on my stationary bike, I have a rear-view mirror."

A familiar presence in comedy clubs and on late-night TV for decades, with his signature look of dressing all in black (inspired, he said, from watching black-clad cowboys in TV westerns while growing up), Lewis was greatly influenced by comics of the '60s and '70s, listing among his favorites Mel Brooks and Carl Reiner, Jonathan Winters, Lenny Bruce, Mike Nichols and Elaine May, George Carlin and Richard Pryor. But Lewis' humor could be much more self-deprecating and neurotic.

In a 2009 interview with the Huffington Post, Lewis credited David Letterman with shifting his TV persona away from stand-up acts on a late-night stage. "I haven't done monologues since 1982 – all because of Letterman," he said. "He changed my life as a comedian when he got his show. He gave me my first big break. He was a big fan and he said, 'You know, you're a hit-and-miss stand-up on Johnny Carson, because you're so physical and for the camera it's not good. Plus, you're just so nuts.' He said, 'Just sit down, be yourself and wail. You don't ever have to do stand-up again.' And I never did."

He was named one of the top 50 stand-up comedians of all time by Comedy Central, and one of the 20th century's "Most Influential Humorists" by GQ Magazine

Lewis also starred opposite Jamie Lee Curtis in the sitcom "Anything But Love." He played Don Rickles' son on "Daddy Dearest," and a rabbi on "7th Heaven." His film roles included a (what else?) neurotic Prince John in the Mel Brooks parody, "Robin Hood: Men in Tights."

He published a memoir in 2008, "The Other Great Depression: How I'm Overcoming, on a Daily Basis, at Least a Million Addictions and Dysfunctions and Finding a Spiritual (Sometimes) Life," about gaining sobriety from drugs and alcohol. In it he described himself as "a full-blown, middle-aged, functioning anxiety collector." He followed that in 2015 with "Reflections from Hell: Richard Lewis' Guide on How Not to Live."

In recent years he appeared on "Curb Your Enthusiasm" as comedian "Richard Lewis," a foil for Larry David, a fellow native of Brooklyn (they were born in the same hospital days apart).

Lewis told Huffington Post that there was a thin line between narcissism and entertainment, but that he went on stage for validation because he felt so bashed. "I take a great pride in three things as a comedian: the premises are real, I'm prolific, and I feel strongly that who I am on stage is the same as who I am off," he said. "I'm not saying that's a great thing. But to me, that made me authentic. I thought, 'Let people know who Richard Lewis is because my family didn't take the time to know me.'" 

Alexey Navalny

Russian opposition leader Alexey Navalny (June 4, 1976-February 16, 2024) became an international symbol of freedom in an increasingly autocratic country, as he led a crusade against corruption in the Kremlin, specifically President Vladimir Putin's United Russia party, which he labeled "the party of crooks and thieves." And he never stopped railing against his government, even after he was targeted with politically-motivated prosecutions, imprisoned, and even poisoned with Novichok, in an attempt on his life that captured the attention of the world.

An attorney who did a fellowship at Yale University, Navalny gained notoriety by attacking corruption within Russia's political and business worlds. By focusing on the notion of ordinary Russians being cheated rather than on human rights abuses, Navalny's investigations (such as revealing the ostentatious country estates of the politically-connected) went viral on social media, resonating with younger Russians far from Moscow and St. Petersburg. It helped him establish a network of regional offices for his group, the Anti-Corruption Foundation, and allowed unprecedented rallies against the ruling party, protesting suspicious election results.

He was convicted in 2013 of embezzlement (he denounced the charges as political retribution) and was sentenced to five years in prison, but later released, his sentence suspended following protests in the capital.

Navalny did espouse an overt nationalism – he supported the rights of ethnic Russians, and the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula by Russia, a move decried by the rest of the world as illegal - but his continued attacks on Putin made him an internationally-known resistance figure. He ran for mayor of Moscow, coming in second.  

While in jail in 2019 for protesting an election, Navalny fell ill with what authorities said was an allergic reaction, but doctors said was poisoning.

In August 2020, Navalny became severely ill on a flight from the Siberian city of Tomsk to Moscow. He later told "60 Minutes," "I said to the flight attendant – and I kind of shocked him with my statement – 'Well, I was poisoned, and I'm going to die.' And I immediately laid down under his feet."

The plane diverted to Omsk, where he was hospitalized. Supporters begged doctors to allow him to be taken to Germany for treatment. Once there, doctors surmised he'd been poisoned with a nerve agent similar to what nearly killed former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter in England two years earlier. Navalny remained in a medically-induced coma for around two weeks.

The Kremlin denied it was behind the poisoning, but Navalny released a recording of a phone call in which an FSB officer admitted the assassination attempt and subsequent attempt to cover it up. [The call was the centerpiece of the Oscar-winning documentary "Navalny," filmed during his recovery and later return to Russia.]

His arrest upon arrival in Moscow in early 2021 sparked protests that resulted in more than 10,000 people detained by police. A court then outlawed the Anti-Corruption Foundation, deeming it an extremist organization.

While in prison, he protested, via social media, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and received an additional nine-year sentence. Later, on charges he called fabricated, Navalny was sentenced to 19 years in prison, which he understood was "a life sentence, which is measured by the length of my life or the length of life of this regime."

Seiji Ozawa

Born in China of Japanese parents, internationally-acclaimed conductor Seiji Ozawa (September 1, 1935-February 6, 2024) lived a life blending the cultures of East and West. He led the Boston Symphony Orchestra from 1973 to 2002 (longer than any other conductor in the orchestra's history), and from 2002 to 2010 was music director of the Vienna State Opera.

While he was a student in Japan, Ozawa suffered a rugby accident in which he broke two fingers. It ended his piano playing, but his music teacher suggested he take up conducting instead.

In 1960 he came to the U.S. and attended the Tanglewood Music Center, where he was spotted by New York Philharmonic conductor Leonard Bernstein, who appointed him assistant conductor for the Philharmonic's 1961-62 season. Making his New York debut at age 25, The New York Times praised Ozawa: "The music came brilliantly alive under his direction."

Ozawa led various groups, including orchestras in San Francisco and Toronto, before being named head of the BSO in 1970. The first Asian conductor to reach such professional levels in the West, he brought star quality and a tremendous physicality to the podium, and helped raise the international reputations of both Boston's orchestra and the music center at Tanglewood.

His presence extended beyond the concert hall. In 1998 he led choruses on five continents in a live-via-satellite performance of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony for the opening of the Nagano Winter Olympic Games. He earned two Emmys for his TV broadcasts, and in November 2022 he beamed a performance of Beethoven's "Egmont" Overture to Japanese astronaut Koichi Wakata at the International Space Station, as part of the "One Earth Mission – Unite with Music" initiative.

"Music can link the hearts of people - transcending words, borders, religion, and politics,"  Ozawa said in a statement. "It is my hope that through music, we can be reminded that we are all of the same human race living on the same planet ... and that we are united."

He also co-founded the Saito Kinen Orchestra in 1984 (they won a Grammy for best opera recording in 2016), and was artistic director and founder of the Seiji Ozawa Matsumoto Festival, a music and opera festival in Japan. He received a Kennedy Center Honor in 2015.

Speaking with "Sunday Morning" in 1998, Ozawa likened leading an orchestra to skiing. "When I conduct, concentration is most important that moment, and I forget everything but that moment, this music. Ski, I think, same, when you come down slow, you cannot think other things, just have to concentrate."

Toby Keith

A singer, actor, and businessman, country artist Toby Keith (July 8, 1961-February 5, 2024) thought of himself first and foremost a songwriter. "God's gift to me was to be a writer," he told "Sunday Morning" in 2006, "and that's what I do best of all, and I'm as gifted at that as anybody." Gifted enough to sell 40 million records and run his own record label.

Keith grew up in Oklahoma, played a bit of semi-pro football, and worked in the oil fields until jobs dried up. All the while, he struggled to make it in country music. When his debut album was released in 1993, the song "Should've Been a Cowboy," went to #1 on the country charts.

He would log 42 Top 10 hits on the Billboard country charts, with 20 peaking at #1, including "How Do You Like Me Now?!," "I Wanna Talk About Me," "I Love This Bar," "Whiskey Girl," "As Good As I Once Was," "Red Solo Cup," and "Beer For My Horses" (a duet with Willie Nelson).

But the song that made Keith a superstar was his emotional response to the attacks of 9/11. He said that he wrote "Courtesy of the Red, White and Blue" in 20 minutes, just days after the attacks, partly as a tribute to his father, a veteran. Subtitled "The Angry American," the song doesn't mince words:

You'll be sorry that you messed with the US of A,
because we'll put a boot in your ass,
it's the American way.

The song brought him much attention, pro and con, including a public feud with the Dixie Chicks' Natalie Maines, who called it ignorant. Keith rode the song and the controversy all the way to the bank.

He followed with "American Soldier," which become a favorite of U.S. forces overseas, many of whom attended his USO tours. But standing with the troops didn't mean he stood with America's decision to go into Iraq. "When the Iraq war started, I was a little mad because we didn't finish what we started in Afghanistan," he told "Sunday Morning." "But our troops had to move on into Iraq, our government asked them to go do it for whatever reason. We won't know for probably 20 or 30 years whether it was the right thing to do or not."

And while the songs meant many pegged Keith as conservative, he said he disappointed many Republicans who called him for support: "They go, 'You're a Republican, right?' And you go, 'Well, I'm actually a lot of times Democrat.' And then they go, 'Oh, sorry.' And the Democrats want so bad, the real liberals really want to hate me, and then they go, 'I still hate you, but I can't believe you're a Democrat.' … So, I'm not a real political guy. I'm a very patriotic guy."

Carl Weathers

After three years of playing professional football, Carl Weathers (January 14, 1948-February 2, 2024) transitioned to Hollywood action star, bringing a towering physicality and deft humor to roles in such films as "Rocky," "Predator," and "Happy Gilmore."

Growing up in New Orleans, Weathers had performed in plays in grade school. But he pursued football, playing college ball at San Diego State University (while majoring in theater), and playing linebacker for the Oakland Raiders in 1970. Afterwards, he played two years in the Canadian Football League, while taking acting lessons in the offseason at San Francisco State University.

He had appearances in such TV series as "Kung Fu," "The Six Million Dollar Man," "S.W.A.T.," and "Cannon," and the blaxploitation film "Friday Foster," before taking on his best-known role: Apollo Creed, the world-champion boxer whom the seemingly outmatched Rocky Balboa faces in the ring, in the 1976 Oscar-winner "Rocky."

In a 2015 interview with the Hollywood Reporter, Weathers recalled that he was asked to audition with the film's writer, Stallone (an actor with few credits at that time). Weathers read the scene but felt it didn't work. He remarked, "I could do a lot better if you got me a real actor to work with."

The verbal jab – instead of putting him off – made Stallone feel it was in character with Apollo Creed. "Sometimes the mistakes are the ones that get you the gig," Weathers said. Or, the falsehoods (he lied that he had boxing experience).

Weathers returned to the character of Creed in three "Rocky" sequels, meeting his end against the steroid-infused Soviet boxer Ivan Drago in "Rocky IV."

Weathers also played an imposing military policeman in "Close Encounters of the Third Kind," and appeared in "Semi-Tough," "Force 10 From Navarone," and "Death Hunt," before starring opposite Arnold Schwarzenegger in the 1987 sci-fi actioner "Predator." The following year he had top billing in "Action Jackson."

He starred in the series "Chicago Justice," played a thrifty Hollywood star named Carl Weathers who becomes an acting coach in "Arrested Development," and earned an Emmy nomination for the "Star Wars" series, "The Mandalorian." He also provided the voice of Combat Carl in Pixar's "Toy Story" franchise. 

Weathers also directed episodes of "Silk Stalkings," "Sheena," "Hawaii Five-O," "FBI," "Law & Order," "Chicago Med," and "The Last O.G." 

Chita Rivera

"I always used to think that we should have two lifetimes: one to try it out, and the second one to know what's coming," Broadway star Chita Rivera (January 23, 1933-January 30, 2024) told "Sunday Morning" in 2023. But no one would mistake Rivera's life for a rehearsal. The theatrical legend won three Tony Awards, received a Presidential Medal of Freedom, and was the first Latina Kennedy Center Honoree. Rivera became a star playing Anita in the original Broadway production of West Side Story." She followed that with performances in the original productions of "Chicago," "Bye Bye Birdie," and "Kiss of the Spider Woman."

Born Dolores Conchita Figueroa del Rivero Montestuco Florentina Carnemacaral del Fuente, in Washington, D.C., her Puerto Rican father died when she was seven years old; her mother was left to raise five kids. As a small child, Dolores jumped from one piece of living room furniture to another. "I missed one time, and I went through the coffee table," said Rivera. "And my mother said, 'That's it, you're out of here. You're going to a ballet school.'"

At 16, Rivera was accepted into New York's elite School of American Ballet. But she soon abandoned ballet for Broadway, appearing in "Guys and Dolls," "Can-Can," "Seventh Heaven," and "Mr. Wonderful," starring Sammy Davis, Jr. He told Rivera not to sell herself short, that she had the talent to be a star, which she soon proved in "West Side Story," dancing, acting and singing.

She would star in "Bye Bye Birdie," "Chicago," "Bring Back Birdie" (a fated sequel), "Merlin," "The Rink" (with Liza Minnelli), "Jerry's Girls," "Kiss of the Spider Woman," "Nine," "The Mystery of Edwin Drood," "The Visit," and the revue, "Chita Rivera: The Dancer's Life." She appeared in the movies "Sweet Charity," "Chicago," and "Tick … Tick … Boom!," and on TV in "The Marcus-Nelson Murders" (the pilot for "Kojak"), "Mayflower Madam," "Will & Grace," and was the voice of the Witch in "Dora the Explorer."

In 1986, a car accident left her with 12 pins and two plates in her left leg. Rivera not only recovered; she went on to win a Tony, dancing the title role in "Kiss of the Spider Woman." "I do believe that being a dancer gave me the ability to fight, and to withstand, and to cope," Rivera said. "If I come back, I want to come back a dancer. That would be my second life."

Charles Osgood

Award-winning journalist Charles Osgood (January 8, 1933-January 23, 2024) was anchor of "CBS Sunday Morning" for 22 years, and for more than four decades was writer and host of the long-running radio program "The Osgood File."

In his near-half-century at CBS News, Osgood worked on virtually every broadcast on the network, including the "CBS Morning News," the "CBS Evening News with Dan Rather," and the "CBS Sunday Night News," and interviewed such luminaries as chef Julia Child, graffiti artist-turned-gallery star Keith Haring, painter Andrew Wyeth, sculptor Louise Nevelson, and singer-songwriter Sting.

A gifted newswriter (he was often referred to as the network's poet-in-residence) with his trademark bowtie, Osgood was called "one of the last great broadcast writers" by Charles Kuralt, whom Osgood succeeded as host of "Sunday Morning" in 1994. During his run on the magazine program, it reached its highest ratings levels in three decades, and three times earned the Daytime Emmy as Outstanding Morning Program.

He continued writing his "Osgood File" radio reports up to four times a day, five days a week. "Short words, short sentences, short paragraphs," Osgood said. "There's nothing that can't be improved by making it shorter and better."

And his reports often rhymed, offering piquant commentary on the day's events. He said some stories were just naturals that he knew right away he could make rhymes of in the rushed 60 to 90 minutes he had each morning to compose them. He said, "Some news is good and some is worse, and some news goes from bad to verse."

In 1984 he offered this report on the Nut Tree Harvest Festival's scarecrow decorating contest in Vacaville, Calif.:

When it's time for Halloween-ing,
there's one thing you should know,
You should stay away from Nut Tree,
that is, if you are a crow.

For they go to endless trouble there
to get crows off their backs,
And to make crows feel unwelcome,
And to give crows heart attacks. 

But not everyone in the audience was a fan. "We actually had a death threat in the newsroom," Osgood recalled in 2016. "Somebody called up and he said, 'Tell Osgood that if he does any more of those stupid poems, I'm gonna kill him!'"

Among his broadcasting honors, Osgood received the George Foster Peabody Award, the National Association of Broadcasters Distinguished Service Award, and five Emmys, including a lifetime achievement honor in 2017. He was inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame in 1990, and the Broadcasting and Cable Hall of Fame in 2000.

He also wrote numerous books, including "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the White House," "Nothing Could Be Finer Than a Crisis That Is Minor in the Morning," "There's Nothing I Wouldn't Do if You Would Be My POSSLQ," and his childhood reminiscence, "Defending Baltimore Against Enemy Attack."

But he was more than a storyteller; he could also play piano, organ, banjo, violin, and was an accomplished composer and lyricist. (He had a Top 40 hit in 1966 with his ballad for the armed forces, "Gallant Men.") He also performed with The New York Pops, The Boston Pops and The Mormon Tabernacle Choir. 

Peter Schickele

Musical satirist Peter Schickele (July 17, 1935-January 16, 2024) made a name for himself as a performer and a composer of music for the concert hall and films. But his name was overshadowed by that of his creation: P.D.Q. Bach, described as the least talented of Johann Sebastian Bach's 20-ish children, whose compositions would, in the words of Schickele, "catapult him into obscurity." No one knew the composer even existed until Schickele said he discovered one of P.D.Q. Bach's manuscripts being used as a coffee strainer at a castle in Bavaria.

The satirist actually created P.D.Q. while on the faculty of the Juilliard School of Music in New York, creating works for the concert hall that lampooned classical music tropes, while adding unusual instruments (shower hose, police siren) in the mix. Schickele's musical heroes included Bach, Beethoven, Brahms, and Spike Jones. "I grew up with the Three Stooges, as well as Bach and Mozart, and it's all there," he told "Sunday Morning" in 1984.

"Most satirists make fun of what they like, not what they don't like; and so, musically, it's very much a satire of love," Schickele said. "I think the only aspect of it that I wouldn't mind seeing changed a bit is the aura of sort of sacredness that surrounds the concert scene."

The titles were punny enough: "Hansel & Gretel & Ted & Alice" (which Schickele called "an opera in one unnatural act"), "Concerto for Horn and Hardart," "Eine Kleine Nichtmusik," "Erotica Variations," "Fanfare for the Common Cold," "The Short-Tempered Clavier," "Concerto for Piano vs. Orchestra," "The Only Piece Ever Written for Violin and Tuba," and a "simply grand" opera titled "The Abduction of Figaro."

He would spend half the year writing serious compositions, and the other half doing P.D.Q. Bach music, which was released as albums, such as "The Stoned Guest," "Music You Can't Get Out of Your Head," and "1712 Overture and Other Musical Assaults." His book, "The Definitive Biography of P.D.Q. Bach," sold 100,000 copies.

If there is one characteristic of P.D.Q. Bach's music that stands out above all others, it's what Schickele referred to as "manic plagiarism." "Now, many 18th century composers, sometimes even the greatest ones, like Haydn and Mozart, would occasionally use a theme by one of their colleagues, but I think P.D.Q. Bach was the only composer who worked on tracing paper," Schickele said, introducing one of P.D.Q.'s pieces.

Classical music may be serious business, but not when Schickele was involved. At performances in which he introduced the discoveries of yet more P.D.Q. works, he might arrive via a rope dangling from the balcony.

Schickele told "Sunday Morning" that rehearsals are important, if only to prevent fits of laughter from affecting the musicians' playing: "One of the reasons we have rehearsals is so that musicians can laugh. But, hopefully, in the performance, musicians are going to have heard the music enough so that they can control themselves, particularly the wind players, of course, we're concerned about, because the string players can laugh and still keep going, but the wind players definitely pose a problem."

Joyce Randolph

Veteran stage and television actor Joyce Randolph (October 21, 1924-January 13, 2024) was best remembered as Trixie, the wife of the dim Ed Norton, on the classic sitcom "The Honeymooners." She was the last surviving cast member of the beloved sitcom that also starred Jackie Gleason, Audrey Meadows and Art Carney.

Originating as a skit on Gleason's 1950s variety show, "Cavalcade of Stars," "The Honeymooners" became a series of its own in 1955. Its one season on CBS, comprised of 39 episodes, would entertain generations in syndicated reruns.

Randolph retired from acting once the show ended, partly because the oversized impact of the character meant she was typecast. Active with fundraisers, Broadway openings and the U.S.O., Randolph said she didn't fully realize the impact of the show until her son attended college in the early 1980s. "He came home and said, 'Did you know that guys and girls come up to me and ask, 'Is your mom really Trixie?'" she told The San Antonio Express in 2000. "I guess he hadn't paid much attention before then."

In a 2007 interview with The New York Times, Randolph said she received no royalties from the syndication of the original episodes, but did so once "lost" episodes – sketches repackaged from Gleason's variety shows – were aired.

Glynis Johns

British actress Glynis Johns (October 5, 1923-January 4, 2024) was best-known on screen for her portrayal of a suffragette and mother in the Disney classic "Mary Poppins," and on stage for her Tony-winning turn in Stephen Sondheim's "A Little Night Music."

Johns was the fourth generation of actors in her family (she was born in Pretoria, South Africa, because her parents were touring at the time), and was first carried on stage at age three weeks. She was performing on London's West End by age 14. Her early film credits included "49th Parallel," "The Magic Box," "The Sword and the Rose," "Rob Roy: The Highland Rogue," "The Beachcomber," "The Court Jester," "Around the World in 80 Days," "Loser Take All," "Another Time, Another Place," "Shake Hands with the Devil," "The Spider's Web," "The Chapman Repot," and "The Sundowners," for which she received an Oscar nomination for best supporting actress.

In 1963 she starred in the comedy series "Glynis," playing a mystery writer-turned-amateur sleuth.

The following year she played Mrs. Banks opposite Julie Andrews' magical nanny in "Mary Poppins." Meeting with Walt Disney (who had produced a couple of her '50s films), she agreed to consider taking the role if she had a solo number in the musical. Disney promised her that he had one specially for her – and then, raced over to the Sherman Brothers to ask them to hurriedly write a solo number for Mrs. Banks.

On stage Johns starred in a 1956 Broadway production of George Bernard Shaw's "Major Barbara," directed by Charles Laughton, and, in 1963, Shaw's "Too True to Be Good." She also starred in a stage version of the comedy "Harold and Maude." In 1973 she won a Tony for "A Little Night Music," starring as Desiree Armfeldt, an actress whose fame is fading. Sondheim wrote the show's breakout song, the melancholy "Send in the Clowns," for Johns' distinctive husky voice, while she was in rehearsals.

"I've had other songs written for me, but nothing like that," Johns told the AP in 1990. "It's the greatest gift I've ever been given in the theater."

She also starred in the 1989 Broadway revival of W. Somerset Maugham's romantic comedy "The Circle," with Rex Harrison and Stewart Granger.

Known as a perfectionist, she took roles that were complicated and multi-faceted. "As far as I'm concerned, I'm not interested in playing the role on only one level," she told The Associated Press in 1990. "The whole point of first-class acting is to make a reality of it. To be real. And I have to make sense of it in my own mind in order to be real."

Though she had, by her accounts, retired "many times," she kept returning to acting, with appearances on TV ("Batman," "Little Gloria … Happy at Last," "The Love Boat," "Cheers," "Murder, She Wrote") and films ("The Ref," "While You Were Sleeping," "Superstar"). "The theater is just part of my life," she told the AP. "It probably uses my highest sense of intelligence, so therefore I have to come back to it, to realize that I've got the talent. I'm not as good doing anything else."